North America Native Plant

Birch

Botanical name: Betula ×dugleana

USDA symbol: BEDU

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Alaska âš˜ Native to Canada  

Discovering the Elusive Duglean Birch: A Rare Northern Hybrid Meet one of North America’s most enigmatic trees: the Duglean birch (Betula ×dugleana). This rare hybrid birch is like the mysterious cousin at a family reunion – everyone knows it exists, but not many people have actually spent much time getting ...

Discovering the Elusive Duglean Birch: A Rare Northern Hybrid

Meet one of North America’s most enigmatic trees: the Duglean birch (Betula ×dugleana). This rare hybrid birch is like the mysterious cousin at a family reunion – everyone knows it exists, but not many people have actually spent much time getting to know it. If you’re drawn to unique native plants and don’t mind a bit of botanical mystery, this northern beauty might just capture your imagination.

What Makes This Birch Special

Betula ×dugleana is a hybrid birch species, which means it’s the result of two different birch species crossing naturally in the wild. The × in its scientific name is botanist-speak for hybrid, and it’s pronounced as times – so you’d say Betula times dugleana. While we simply call it birch, this particular variety has carved out its own niche in the far northern reaches of our continent.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

This birch calls some pretty remote places home. You’ll find Betula ×dugleana growing naturally in Alaska and Saskatchewan, Canada. It’s truly a plant of the northern frontier, adapted to conditions that would make most garden plants throw in the towel. The fact that it’s only found in these two locations tells us this is a pretty special and geographically limited plant.

Growth Habits and Appearance

Like many of its birch relatives, Betula ×dugleana grows as a perennial shrub. Here’s what you can expect:

  • Multi-stemmed woody growth pattern
  • Typically reaches 13-16 feet in height (4-5 meters)
  • Several stems arising from or near ground level
  • Can occasionally grow taller or develop a single stem under the right conditions

This shrub-like growth habit makes it quite different from the towering paper birches you might be more familiar with, giving it a more manageable size for landscape use.

The Challenge of Growing Duglean Birch

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit challenging. Because Betula ×dugleana is such a rare and geographically limited hybrid, there’s surprisingly little information available about its specific growing requirements, care needs, or even how to obtain it for your garden.

What we do know is that it’s adapted to the harsh conditions of Alaska and Saskatchewan, which suggests it’s likely quite cold-hardy and possibly tolerant of poor soils. However, without more detailed growing information, successfully cultivating this birch would be something of an adventure.

Is This Birch Right for Your Garden?

The Duglean birch presents a unique situation for gardeners. On one hand, it’s a native North American species with an interesting growth habit and the hardiness you’d expect from a plant that thrives in Alaska. On the other hand, its rarity and the lack of cultivation information make it a challenging choice for most gardeners.

If you’re located in a similar climate zone to its native range and you love the idea of growing something truly unique, this birch could be worth investigating. However, you’ll likely need to do some detective work to source the plant and figure out its care requirements.

Consider These Native Birch Alternatives

If the mystery and rarity of Betula ×dugleana appeals to you but seems impractical, consider these more readily available native birches:

  • Paper birch (Betula papyrifera) – iconic white bark and wider availability
  • River birch (Betula nigra) – excellent for wetter soils
  • Gray birch (Betula populifolia) – good for poor soils and smaller spaces

The Bottom Line

Betula ×dugleana is like a botanical treasure – rare, native, and intriguing, but not exactly easy to get your hands on or grow. If you’re the type of gardener who loves a challenge and appreciates the unique, this hybrid birch might be worth pursuing. Just be prepared for some research and possibly some trial and error. For most gardeners, exploring the more common native birches might be a more practical way to add these beautiful trees to their landscape while still supporting native plant diversity.

Sometimes the most interesting plants are the ones that keep a little mystery about themselves, and the Duglean birch certainly fits that description perfectly.

Birch

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Hamamelididae

Order

Fagales

Family

Betulaceae Gray - Birch family

Genus

Betula L. - birch

Species

Betula ×dugleana Lepage [nana × neoalaskana] - birch

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA