North America Native Plant

Bessey’s Locoweed

Botanical name: Oxytropis besseyi var. fallax

USDA symbol: OXBEF

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Oxytropis nana Nutt. var. fallax (Barneby) Isely (OXNAF)   

Bessey’s Locoweed: A Rare Native Wildflower for Specialized Gardens Meet Bessey’s locoweed (Oxytropis besseyi var. fallax), a perennial wildflower that’s as uncommon in gardens as it is in the wild. This native North American plant might not be on every gardener’s wish list, but for those interested in rare native ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Bessey’s Locoweed: A Rare Native Wildflower for Specialized Gardens

Meet Bessey’s locoweed (Oxytropis besseyi var. fallax), a perennial wildflower that’s as uncommon in gardens as it is in the wild. This native North American plant might not be on every gardener’s wish list, but for those interested in rare native species and specialized wildflower gardens, it offers a unique opportunity to support regional biodiversity.

What Makes Bessey’s Locoweed Special?

Bessey’s locoweed is a true native of the American West, specifically found in Montana and Wyoming. As a member of the legume family, this perennial forb plays an important ecological role in its native grassland and prairie habitats. Unlike woody shrubs or trees, this plant lacks significant woody tissue and maintains its perennating buds at or below ground level, helping it survive harsh winters.

The plant’s botanical classification places it in a specialized group within the Oxytropis genus, with the synonym Oxytropis nana var. fallax sometimes used in older botanical references.

Geographic Distribution and Rarity

This wildflower has a limited native range, growing naturally only in Montana and Wyoming. Its restricted distribution contributes to its Global Conservation Status of S5T3, indicating it requires careful consideration for conservation.

Should You Plant Bessey’s Locoweed?

The decision to grow Bessey’s locoweed comes with important considerations:

  • Rarity concerns: With its limited distribution and conservation status, this plant should only be grown using responsibly sourced materials
  • Regional appropriateness: Best suited for gardens within or near its native range of Montana and Wyoming
  • Specialized growing requirements: Like many native prairie plants, it likely has specific soil and climate needs
  • Limited availability: You won’t find this at your typical garden center

Garden Applications

If you’re fortunate enough to live within its native range and can source it responsibly, Bessey’s locoweed works best in:

  • Native plant gardens focused on local flora
  • Prairie restoration projects
  • Specialized wildflower collections
  • Educational or conservation-focused landscapes

Growing Considerations

While specific growing information for this variety is limited, most Oxytropis species prefer:

  • Well-draining soils typical of prairie environments
  • Full sun exposure
  • Minimal water once established
  • Cool climate conditions matching their native range

A Word of Caution

The common name locoweed comes from the fact that many plants in this genus can be toxic to livestock when consumed in large quantities. While this isn’t typically a concern for home gardeners, it’s worth noting if you have grazing animals.

The Bottom Line

Bessey’s locoweed represents the fascinating diversity of North American native plants, but it’s not for every garden or every gardener. If you’re passionate about rare native species, live within its natural range, and can source it ethically, it could be a meaningful addition to a specialized native plant collection. For most gardeners, however, there are many more readily available native alternatives that can provide similar ecological benefits with less complexity.

Remember, the best native plant for your garden is one that naturally occurs in your local area and can be grown sustainably without impacting wild populations.

Bessey’s Locoweed

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Oxytropis DC. - locoweed

Species

Oxytropis besseyi (Rydb.) Blank. - Bessey's locoweed

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA