North America Native Plant

Beath’s Milkvetch

Botanical name: Astragalus beathii

USDA symbol: ASBE2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Beath’s Milkvetch: A Rare Arizona Desert Treasure Worth Protecting Meet Beath’s milkvetch (Astragalus beathii), one of Arizona’s most endangered native plants and a true botanical treasure of the Sonoran Desert. This perennial legume might not be the showiest plant in your garden, but its rarity and ecological importance make it ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Beath’s Milkvetch: A Rare Arizona Desert Treasure Worth Protecting

Meet Beath’s milkvetch (Astragalus beathii), one of Arizona’s most endangered native plants and a true botanical treasure of the Sonoran Desert. This perennial legume might not be the showiest plant in your garden, but its rarity and ecological importance make it a fascinating choice for dedicated native plant enthusiasts and conservation-minded gardeners.

What Makes Beath’s Milkvetch Special?

Beath’s milkvetch is a small, unassuming perennial that produces delicate purple to pink pea-like flowers typical of the legume family. Its compound leaves and low-growing habit help it blend seamlessly into the desert landscape, but don’t let its modest appearance fool you – this plant is incredibly rare and plays an important role in its native ecosystem.

Where Does It Call Home?

This remarkable plant is found exclusively in Arizona, making it a true endemic species. Beath’s milkvetch has adapted to the harsh conditions of the Sonoran Desert, where it grows in sandy washes and gravelly soils among desert scrub vegetation.

A Plant on the Brink: Understanding Its Rarity

Here’s something that might surprise you: Beath’s milkvetch has a Global Conservation Status of S1, meaning it’s critically imperiled. With typically 5 or fewer known occurrences and very few remaining individuals (less than 1,000), this plant is teetering on the edge of extinction. This extreme rarity makes it especially vulnerable to habitat loss and environmental changes.

Important note for gardeners: If you’re interested in growing Beath’s milkvetch, please only obtain plants or seeds from reputable native plant nurseries that source their material responsibly. Never collect from wild populations – every individual plant is precious for the species’ survival.

Garden Appeal and Landscaping Potential

While Beath’s milkvetch won’t win any awards for flashy blooms, it offers subtle beauty and significant conservation value. The small purple flowers appear in spring, providing nectar for native desert bees and other pollinators. Its low, spreading growth habit makes it suitable for:

  • Desert xeriscapes and water-wise gardens
  • Native plant collections
  • Conservation gardens focused on rare species
  • Educational landscapes highlighting endangered plants

Growing Conditions: Meeting Desert Demands

Like most desert natives, Beath’s milkvetch is adapted to tough conditions. If you’re lucky enough to find responsibly sourced plants, here’s what they need to thrive:

  • Soil: Extremely well-draining, sandy or gravelly soil that mimics desert washes
  • Water: Minimal irrigation once established – overwatering is often fatal
  • Sun: Full sun exposure
  • Climate: USDA Hardiness Zones 8b-10a

Planting and Care Tips

Growing Beath’s milkvetch successfully requires patience and a light touch:

  • Plant in fall when temperatures cool but soil is still warm
  • Ensure excellent drainage – consider raised beds or mounded planting areas
  • Water sparingly during establishment, then rely primarily on natural rainfall
  • Avoid fertilizers, which can harm desert-adapted plants
  • Mulch with gravel or decomposed granite rather than organic mulch

Supporting Conservation Through Gardening

By choosing to grow Beath’s milkvetch (with responsibly sourced material), you’re not just adding a unique plant to your garden – you’re participating in conservation efforts. Each successfully grown plant represents hope for this critically endangered species and helps maintain genetic diversity outside of wild populations.

The plant’s flowers support native desert pollinators, creating a small but important habitat patch that benefits the broader desert ecosystem. While we don’t have complete information about all its wildlife benefits, legumes like milkvetches typically support various beneficial insects and may provide browse for desert wildlife.

Is Beath’s Milkvetch Right for Your Garden?

This plant is definitely not for everyone. It’s best suited for gardeners who:

  • Are passionate about rare and endangered plants
  • Have experience with desert gardening and xeriscaping
  • Can provide the specific growing conditions it requires
  • Are committed to conservation and responsible sourcing

If you’re new to native gardening or looking for easier desert plants, consider starting with more common Arizona natives before attempting to grow this rare beauty. However, if you’re up for the challenge and can source plants responsibly, growing Beath’s milkvetch can be a rewarding way to contribute to plant conservation while adding a truly unique specimen to your desert garden.

Remember: every Beath’s milkvetch plant grown in cultivation is a small victory for conservation and a step toward ensuring this rare desert dweller doesn’t disappear forever.

Beath’s Milkvetch

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Astragalus L. - milkvetch

Species

Astragalus beathii Ced. Porter - Beath's milkvetch

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA