North America Native Plant

Bayamon

Botanical name: Hyptis escobilla

USDA symbol: HYES

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Bayamon: A Lesser-Known Puerto Rican Native Shrub Worth Discovering If you’re searching for native Puerto Rican plants to add authentic island character to your tropical garden, you might want to get acquainted with bayamon (Hyptis escobilla). This perennial shrub represents one of Puerto Rico’s indigenous botanical treasures, though it flies ...

Bayamon: A Lesser-Known Puerto Rican Native Shrub Worth Discovering

If you’re searching for native Puerto Rican plants to add authentic island character to your tropical garden, you might want to get acquainted with bayamon (Hyptis escobilla). This perennial shrub represents one of Puerto Rico’s indigenous botanical treasures, though it flies somewhat under the radar compared to more famous tropical natives.

What is Bayamon?

Bayamon is a native Puerto Rican shrub that belongs to the mint family. As a perennial plant, it establishes itself for the long haul, developing into a multi-stemmed woody shrub that typically stays under 13-16 feet tall. Like most shrubs, bayamon produces several stems from or near ground level, creating a bushy, substantial presence in the landscape.

Where Does Bayamon Grow Naturally?

This shrub is exclusively native to Puerto Rico, making it a true island endemic. You won’t find wild populations of Hyptis escobilla anywhere else in the world, which makes it particularly special for Puerto Rican gardeners looking to showcase their local flora.

Should You Plant Bayamon in Your Garden?

Here’s where things get a bit tricky – and honestly, pretty intriguing. Bayamon is one of those mystery plants that botanists know exists but hasn’t received much attention in horticultural circles. This means we don’t have extensive information about its flower color, blooming season, or specific care requirements.

However, this shouldn’t necessarily discourage adventurous gardeners, especially those in Puerto Rico or similar tropical climates. Here’s what we can reasonably assume:

  • As a native Puerto Rican plant, it’s well-adapted to tropical conditions
  • Being in the mint family, it likely has aromatic foliage
  • Its shrub form makes it potentially useful for hedging, screening, or as a specimen plant
  • Native plants typically require less water and care once established

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing information for bayamon is limited, we can make educated guesses based on its Puerto Rican origins and shrub classification:

Climate: Bayamon likely thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-11, requiring warm temperatures year-round with no frost tolerance.

Growing Environment: As a tropical native, it probably prefers:

  • Well-draining soil (most tropical plants hate soggy feet)
  • Partial to full sun exposure
  • Regular water during establishment, then moderate drought tolerance
  • Protection from strong winds in exposed locations

The Bottom Line

Bayamon represents an opportunity for plant enthusiasts and native plant gardeners to work with a truly local species. While it may require some detective work to source and grow successfully, supporting lesser-known native plants helps preserve botanical diversity.

If you’re in Puerto Rico and interested in trying bayamon, consider reaching out to local native plant societies, botanical gardens, or universities. They might have seeds, cuttings, or more detailed growing information about this intriguing shrub.

For gardeners outside of tropical zones, bayamon probably isn’t your best bet unless you have a heated greenhouse. Instead, look for native shrubs from your own region that can provide similar landscape functions with much better chances of success.

Bayamon

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Lamiaceae Martinov - Mint family

Genus

Hyptis Jacq. - bushmint

Species

Hyptis escobilla Urb. - bayamon

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA