North America Native Plant

Basil Mountainmint

Botanical name: Pycnanthemum clinopodioides

USDA symbol: PYCL

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Koellia clinopodioides (Torr. & A. Gray) Kuntze (KOCL)   

Basil Mountainmint: A Rare Native Gem Worth Protecting Meet basil mountainmint (Pycnanthemum clinopodioides), one of nature’s hidden treasures that deserves a spotlight in conservation-minded gardens. This aromatic native perennial might not be as well-known as its mountainmint cousins, but it packs a powerful punch when it comes to supporting local ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: New Jersey

Status: S1S2: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ New Jersey Highlands region ⚘ New Jersey Pinelands region ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Endangered: In danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. ⚘

Region: New Jersey

Basil Mountainmint: A Rare Native Gem Worth Protecting

Meet basil mountainmint (Pycnanthemum clinopodioides), one of nature’s hidden treasures that deserves a spotlight in conservation-minded gardens. This aromatic native perennial might not be as well-known as its mountainmint cousins, but it packs a powerful punch when it comes to supporting local ecosystems—if you can find it responsibly sourced, that is.

What Makes Basil Mountainmint Special?

As a member of the mint family, basil mountainmint is a herbaceous perennial that brings both beauty and ecological value to the landscape. This forb (a fancy term for a non-woody flowering plant) produces clusters of small, white to pale pink flowers that create attractive flat-topped displays during the blooming season. The aromatic foliage releases a pleasant mint scent when crushed, making it a delightful sensory addition to any garden.

A Plant Worth Protecting

Important Conservation Note: Before you rush to plant basil mountainmint, there’s something crucial you need to know. This species has a Global Conservation Status of S1S2 and is listed as Endangered in New Jersey with additional protection status in the Pinelands and Highlands regions. This means it’s quite rare in the wild and needs our help to survive.

If you’re interested in growing this remarkable plant, please ensure you source it only from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their stock rather than wild-collecting. Never collect seeds or plants from wild populations.

Where Does It Call Home?

Basil mountainmint is native to the eastern United States, naturally occurring across a range of states from Massachusetts down to the Carolinas, with populations also found in Texas. You can find it in Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia.

Garden Appeal and Design Uses

Despite its rarity, basil mountainmint can be a wonderful addition to the right garden setting. Here’s what it brings to the table:

  • Aromatic foliage that releases mint scents when brushed against
  • Attractive flat-topped flower clusters that add texture to plantings
  • Excellent pollinator magnet, attracting butterflies, bees, and beneficial insects
  • Perfect for naturalized areas and native plant gardens
  • Works beautifully in wildflower meadows and prairie-style plantings

Growing Conditions and Care

The good news is that basil mountainmint isn’t particularly fussy once established. Here’s what it prefers:

  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-drained soils, adaptable to various soil types
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established, but appreciates regular water during establishment
  • Hardiness: Suitable for USDA zones 5-9

Planting and Maintenance Tips

If you’re fortunate enough to obtain responsibly sourced basil mountainmint, here’s how to give it the best start:

  • Plant in spring after the last frost date
  • Space plants appropriately to allow for natural spreading
  • Water regularly during the first growing season to establish roots
  • Once established, minimal maintenance is required
  • Allow some plants to go to seed to encourage natural propagation in your garden
  • Consider saving seeds to share with other conservation-minded gardeners

Supporting Pollinators and Wildlife

One of the most compelling reasons to grow basil mountainmint is its value to pollinators. The flowers provide an important nectar source for butterflies, native bees, and other beneficial insects. By growing this plant, you’re not just preserving a rare species—you’re also supporting the broader web of life that depends on native plants.

The Bottom Line

Basil mountainmint represents both an opportunity and a responsibility for native plant gardeners. While it’s a beautiful and ecologically valuable addition to the right garden, its rarity status means we must approach it thoughtfully. If you can source it responsibly from propagated stock, you’ll be contributing to conservation efforts while enjoying a unique and beneficial native plant.

Remember, every garden that includes rare native species like basil mountainmint becomes a small sanctuary, helping to preserve our botanical heritage for future generations. Just make sure your conservation efforts start with responsible sourcing—our wild populations are counting on it.

Basil Mountainmint

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Lamiaceae Martinov - Mint family

Genus

Pycnanthemum Michx. - mountainmint

Species

Pycnanthemum clinopodioides Torr. & A. Gray - basil mountainmint

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA