North America Native Plant

Balloon Sack Clover

Botanical name: Trifolium depauperatum var. diversifolium

USDA symbol: TRDED2

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Trifolium amplectens Torr. & A. Gray var. hydrophilum (Greene) Jeps. (TRAMH)  âš˜  Trifolium depauperatum Desv. var. hydrophilum (Greene) J.S. Martin ex Isely (TRDEH)  âš˜  Trifolium hydrophilum Greene (TRHY8)   

Balloon Sack Clover: A Rare California Native Worth Knowing About Meet balloon sack clover (Trifolium depauperatum var. diversifolium), a charming little annual that’s quietly making its home in California’s diverse landscapes. While you might not find this native beauty at your local garden center, it’s worth getting to know this ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Balloon Sack Clover: A Rare California Native Worth Knowing About

Meet balloon sack clover (Trifolium depauperatum var. diversifolium), a charming little annual that’s quietly making its home in California’s diverse landscapes. While you might not find this native beauty at your local garden center, it’s worth getting to know this unique member of the clover family.

What Makes Balloon Sack Clover Special?

This delicate annual forb belongs to the legume family, sharing DNA with more familiar clovers but carving out its own niche in California’s ecosystems. As a forb, it’s an herbaceous plant that stays low to the ground without developing woody stems – think of it as nature’s ground cover specialist.

The scientific community has given this plant quite a collection of aliases over the years, including Trifolium amplectens var. hydrophilum, Trifolium hydrophilum, and several others. But don’t let the name changes fool you – it’s the same special little plant that’s been quietly thriving in California long before botanists started debating what to call it.

Where Does It Call Home?

Balloon sack clover is a true California native, found exclusively within the Golden State’s borders. This makes it a genuine local treasure – a plant that evolved specifically to thrive in California’s unique climate and soil conditions.

A Plant of Two Worlds

One of the most interesting things about balloon sack clover is its flexibility when it comes to water. In both the Arid West and Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast regions, it’s classified as facultative for wetland status. This fancy term simply means it’s adaptable – equally happy in moist areas and drier spots. Think of it as the Swiss Army knife of California natives when it comes to water tolerance.

The Rarity Factor

Here’s where things get interesting (and a bit concerning). Balloon sack clover carries a Global Conservation Status of S5T2. While the exact implications of this status aren’t clearly defined in available resources, any conservation ranking suggests this isn’t your everyday garden plant. This rarity makes it all the more precious in California’s native plant communities.

Should You Grow Balloon Sack Clover?

This is where we hit a bit of a roadblock. While balloon sack clover is undoubtedly a fascinating native plant, there’s precious little information available about actually growing it in home gardens. Unlike its more popular cousins in the clover family, this specialized variety hasn’t made the jump from wild spaces to cultivation guides.

If you’re determined to include this rare native in your garden, here are some important considerations:

  • Source responsibly: Given its rarity status, only obtain seeds or plants from reputable native plant nurseries that practice ethical collection
  • Respect its natural habitat: If you encounter it in the wild, admire it but leave it undisturbed
  • Consider alternatives: Other California native clovers might give you a similar aesthetic while being more readily available and better understood horticulturally

The Bottom Line

Balloon sack clover represents the fascinating diversity hiding in California’s native plant communities. While it might not be the easiest plant to grow in your backyard, it serves as a reminder that our state’s natural heritage includes countless specialized species that have adapted to specific niches over thousands of years.

For most gardeners, appreciating balloon sack clover might mean supporting habitat conservation efforts or choosing other California native clovers that are better suited to home cultivation. Sometimes the best way to love a rare native plant is to let it thrive in its natural habitat while we create gardens filled with its more adaptable cousins.

Balloon Sack Clover

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Trifolium L. - clover

Species

Trifolium depauperatum Desv. - cowbag clover

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA