North America Native Plant

Arrow-leaf Thelypody

Botanical name: Thelypodium eucosmum

USDA symbol: THEU

Life cycle: biennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Arrow-Leaf Thelypody: A Rare Oregon Native Worth Protecting If you’ve never heard of arrow-leaf thelypody, you’re not alone. This little-known wildflower is one of Oregon’s botanical treasures, though it’s become increasingly rare in the wild. Also known as world thelypody, Thelypodium eucosmum represents both the beauty and fragility of our ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Arrow-Leaf Thelypody: A Rare Oregon Native Worth Protecting

If you’ve never heard of arrow-leaf thelypody, you’re not alone. This little-known wildflower is one of Oregon’s botanical treasures, though it’s become increasingly rare in the wild. Also known as world thelypody, Thelypodium eucosmum represents both the beauty and fragility of our native plant heritage.

What Makes Arrow-Leaf Thelypody Special

Arrow-leaf thelypody is a native forb—essentially a non-woody flowering plant that lacks the thick, woody stems you’d find on shrubs or trees. As either a biennial or perennial (it can go either way depending on conditions), this plant has adapted to Oregon’s unique climate and ecosystem over thousands of years.

What sets this plant apart isn’t just its native status, but its incredible rarity. With a Global Conservation Status of S2, arrow-leaf thelypody is considered imperiled. This means there are likely only 6 to 20 known populations left in the wild, with somewhere between 1,000 to 3,000 individual plants total. To put that in perspective, there are probably more people in your neighborhood than there are arrow-leaf thelypody plants in existence.

Where You’ll Find It (If You’re Lucky)

Arrow-leaf thelypody calls Oregon home and only Oregon. This exclusive native has evolved specifically for the Pacific Northwest’s conditions, making it a true regional endemic. Its limited range makes every individual plant precious for maintaining genetic diversity and ecosystem health.

Should You Grow Arrow-Leaf Thelypody?

Here’s where things get complicated. While we’d love to encourage everyone to grow native plants, arrow-leaf thelypody’s imperiled status means we need to tread carefully. If you’re interested in growing this rare beauty, here are the key considerations:

  • Source responsibly: Only obtain plants or seeds from reputable native plant nurseries that can verify their stock wasn’t collected from wild populations
  • Consider alternatives: Other Thelypodium species or similar native forbs might give you the ecological benefits without the conservation concerns
  • Support conservation: Sometimes the best way to help a rare plant is to support habitat preservation rather than cultivation

The Mystery of Growing Conditions

Unfortunately, arrow-leaf thelypody’s rarity means there’s limited information about its specific growing requirements, preferred soil types, or care instructions. Most of our knowledge comes from observing the few wild populations that remain, rather than from horticultural experience.

This lack of growing information isn’t unusual for imperiled species—when there are so few plants left, researchers focus on conservation rather than cultivation techniques.

Why Rare Plants Matter

You might wonder why we should care about such an obscure plant. Rare natives like arrow-leaf thelypody are often indicators of healthy, undisturbed ecosystems. They’ve co-evolved with local wildlife, soil microorganisms, and other plants to create intricate ecological relationships that we’re still discovering.

When we lose these species, we lose irreplaceable genetic material and potentially important ecosystem functions. Plus, who knows? That rare plant might hold the key to future medical discoveries or climate adaptations.

How You Can Help

Even if you can’t grow arrow-leaf thelypody in your garden, you can still support its conservation:

  • Support organizations working to protect Oregon’s native habitats
  • Choose other native Oregon plants for your landscape
  • Learn about and share information about rare native species
  • Participate in citizen science projects that monitor rare plant populations

Arrow-leaf thelypody may be small and rare, but it represents something much larger—our connection to the unique natural heritage of the Pacific Northwest. By respecting its rarity and supporting conservation efforts, we help ensure that future generations might still encounter this botanical gem in Oregon’s wild spaces.

Arrow-leaf Thelypody

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Capparales

Family

Brassicaceae Burnett - Mustard family

Genus

Thelypodium Endl. - thelypody

Species

Thelypodium eucosmum B.L. Rob. - arrow-leaf thelypody

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA