North America Native Plant

Arctic Starflower

Botanical name: Trientalis europaea arctica

USDA symbol: TREUA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Alaska âš˜ Native to Canada âš˜ Native to Greenland âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Trientalis arctica Fisch. ex Hook. (TRAR2)  âš˜  Trientalis europaea L. var. arctica (Fisch. ex Hook.) Ledeb. (TREUA2)   

Arctic Starflower: A Delicate Northern Beauty for Cool-Climate Gardens If you’re looking for a charming native groundcover that brings a touch of northern wilderness to your garden, meet the arctic starflower (Trientalis europaea arctica). This delicate perennial might just be the perfect addition to your shade garden – if you ...

Arctic Starflower: A Delicate Northern Beauty for Cool-Climate Gardens

If you’re looking for a charming native groundcover that brings a touch of northern wilderness to your garden, meet the arctic starflower (Trientalis europaea arctica). This delicate perennial might just be the perfect addition to your shade garden – if you can provide the cool, moist conditions it craves.

What Makes Arctic Starflower Special

Also known scientifically as Trientalis europaea arctica (with synonyms including Trientalis arctica), this lovely little forb is a true northern native. As a perennial herb without woody tissue, it forms a low-growing groundcover that’s both subtle and stunning when in bloom.

The magic happens in late spring to early summer when tiny white, star-shaped flowers appear on delicate stems. True to its name, each flower typically displays seven pointed petals arranged in a perfect star formation, rising 4-8 inches above a whorl of bright green leaves. It’s like having miniature stars scattered across your garden floor!

Where Arctic Starflower Calls Home

This hardy native has an impressive range across the northern regions of North America. You’ll find arctic starflower naturally growing in Alaska, several Canadian provinces (including Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Yukon, and Northwest Territories), and extending south into some northern U.S. states like Idaho, Oregon, Washington, and even northern California. It’s also native to Greenland, making it a true circumboreal species.

Should You Plant Arctic Starflower?

Here’s the honest truth: arctic starflower isn’t for everyone, but it’s absolutely perfect for the right garden. If you live in USDA hardiness zones 1-6 and can provide cool, consistently moist conditions, this native beauty could be your new favorite groundcover.

You’ll love arctic starflower if:

  • You have a shady to partially shady garden spot
  • You enjoy subtle, naturalistic plantings
  • You want to support native pollinators with a true native species
  • You have acidic, well-draining but consistently moist soil
  • You live in a cooler climate where this plant can thrive

Arctic starflower might not be for you if:

  • You live in a hot, dry climate (zones 7+ are generally too warm)
  • You prefer bold, showy flowers
  • You want a fast-growing groundcover
  • You have very dry soil conditions

Perfect Garden Roles

Arctic starflower shines in woodland gardens where it can naturalize under trees and shrubs. It’s also excellent in rock gardens with good drainage and consistent moisture, and makes a lovely addition to shade borders where you want something delicate and refined.

This plant spreads slowly by underground rhizomes, making it an excellent choice for creating natural-looking drifts over time. It pairs beautifully with other northern natives and shade-loving plants like wild ginger, ferns, and mosses.

Growing Arctic Starflower Successfully

The key to success with arctic starflower is remembering its origins – cool northern forests with consistent moisture and acidic soil.

Ideal growing conditions:

  • Light: Partial to full shade (morning sun is okay, but protect from hot afternoon sun)
  • Soil: Moist, well-draining, acidic soil with plenty of organic matter
  • Water: Consistent moisture is crucial – never let it dry out completely
  • Temperature: Cool climates (zones 1-6); struggles in heat
  • Mulch: A layer of organic mulch helps retain moisture and keep roots cool

Planting and Care Tips

Establishing arctic starflower can be a bit challenging, but patience pays off. Plant in early spring or fall when temperatures are cool. Choose the shadiest, most consistently moist spot in your garden.

Once established, this low-maintenance native requires little care beyond ensuring adequate moisture. It’s naturally pest and disease resistant, and deer typically leave it alone.

Keep in mind that arctic starflower grows slowly and may take a couple of seasons to fully establish. Don’t be discouraged if growth seems minimal the first year – it’s building a strong root system for future success.

Supporting Wildlife

While small, arctic starflower’s blooms attract various pollinators, particularly small flies and native bees. By growing this native species, you’re supporting local ecosystems and providing food sources for wildlife that have co-evolved with this plant over thousands of years.

The Bottom Line

Arctic starflower is a specialized beauty that rewards gardeners who can meet its specific needs. If you have the right conditions – cool climate, shade, and consistent moisture – this native groundcover will bring years of quiet charm to your garden. Just remember, this isn’t a plant for impatient gardeners or hot climates, but for those who appreciate subtle beauty and native plant gardening, it’s a true gem worth seeking out.

Arctic Starflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Primulales

Family

Primulaceae Batsch - Primrose family

Genus

Trientalis L. - starflower

Species

Trientalis europaea L. - arctic starflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA