North America Native Plant

Arctic Bluegrass

Botanical name: Poa arctica aperta

USDA symbol: POARA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Poa aperta Scribn. & Merr. (POAP3)   

Arctic Bluegrass: A High-Altitude Native Grass Worth Knowing If you’re passionate about native plants and love the idea of incorporating authentic regional grasses into your landscape, arctic bluegrass (Poa arctica aperta) might just pique your interest. This perennial grass species brings a touch of high-country authenticity to gardens, though it’s ...

Arctic Bluegrass: A High-Altitude Native Grass Worth Knowing

If you’re passionate about native plants and love the idea of incorporating authentic regional grasses into your landscape, arctic bluegrass (Poa arctica aperta) might just pique your interest. This perennial grass species brings a touch of high-country authenticity to gardens, though it’s definitely more of a specialty plant than your typical lawn grass.

What Makes Arctic Bluegrass Special

Arctic bluegrass is a true native of the American West, naturally occurring in Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. As a member of the grass family, it’s what botanists call a graminoid – basically a fancy way of saying it’s grass-like in appearance and growth habit. You might also see it listed under its synonym, Poa aperta, in some older gardening references.

This perennial grass has adapted to life at higher elevations, making it a hardy choice for gardeners dealing with challenging mountain conditions. It’s part of our native plant heritage and plays an important role in high-altitude ecosystems.

Why Consider Growing Arctic Bluegrass?

Here are some compelling reasons to give this native grass a try:

  • True native status: Supporting local ecosystems by planting species that naturally belong in your region
  • Hardy perennial: Once established, it comes back year after year without replanting
  • Low maintenance: Native plants are typically well-adapted to local conditions
  • Authentic landscaping: Perfect for creating naturalized areas that reflect your local environment
  • Wildlife habitat: Native grasses provide important habitat and food sources for local wildlife

The Honest Truth About Growing Arctic Bluegrass

Let’s be upfront – this isn’t the easiest plant to find or grow. Arctic bluegrass is quite specialized, and you won’t find it at your typical garden center. It’s best suited for gardeners who are specifically interested in high-altitude native plant restoration or creating authentic regional landscapes.

This grass works particularly well in:

  • Native plant gardens focused on high-elevation species
  • Naturalized meadow areas
  • Restoration projects in its native range
  • Rock gardens with alpine themes

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing information for this subspecies is limited, we can make educated guesses based on its native habitat:

  • Climate: Likely thrives in cooler conditions typical of higher elevations
  • Soil: Probably adaptable to various soil types, as most native grasses are quite flexible
  • Water: Native plants typically prefer natural rainfall patterns once established
  • Sun exposure: Most grasses prefer full sun to partial shade

Finding and Planting Arctic Bluegrass

Your best bet for obtaining arctic bluegrass is through specialized native plant nurseries or seed companies that focus on regional species. Some botanical gardens or university extension programs might also be helpful resources.

When planting any native grass:

  • Start with locally-sourced seeds or plants when possible
  • Plant in fall or early spring for best establishment
  • Be patient – native grasses often take time to establish strong root systems
  • Avoid fertilizers, as native plants are adapted to natural soil conditions

The Bottom Line

Arctic bluegrass is definitely a plant for the native plant enthusiast rather than the casual gardener. If you’re passionate about preserving and celebrating your local plant heritage, especially in high-elevation areas of Colorado, New Mexico, or Utah, this grass could be a meaningful addition to your landscape.

However, if you’re new to native gardening or looking for something more readily available, you might want to start with other native grasses that are easier to source and grow. Once you’ve gained experience with native plants, arctic bluegrass could be an interesting challenge to tackle.

Remember, every native plant we grow helps support local ecosystems and preserves our natural heritage – even if it’s just one small grass at a time.

Arctic Bluegrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Poa L. - bluegrass

Species

Poa arctica R. Br. - arctic bluegrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA