North America Native Plant

‘ape’ape

Botanical name: Gunnera kauaiensis

USDA symbol: GUKA2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

‘Ape’ape: Hawaii’s Hidden Wetland Gem Meet ‘ape’ape (Gunnera kauaiensis), one of Hawaii’s lesser-known native treasures that’s quietly making waves in the world of indigenous gardening. This remarkable perennial forb might not be the flashiest plant in your garden, but it carries the unique distinction of being a true Hawaiian endemic ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

‘Ape’ape: Hawaii’s Hidden Wetland Gem

Meet ‘ape’ape (Gunnera kauaiensis), one of Hawaii’s lesser-known native treasures that’s quietly making waves in the world of indigenous gardening. This remarkable perennial forb might not be the flashiest plant in your garden, but it carries the unique distinction of being a true Hawaiian endemic – found nowhere else on Earth except the Garden Isle of Kauai.

A Rare Hawaiian Native

Gunnera kauaiensis is exclusively native to Hawaii, specifically calling the lush landscapes of Kauai home. This special status makes it a meaningful addition for gardeners passionate about preserving Hawaii’s unique botanical heritage. However, there’s an important caveat: this plant has a Global Conservation Status of S2S3, indicating it’s quite rare in the wild.

Currently, ‘ape’ape is found only in Hawaii, making it a true island endemic that evolved in isolation over thousands of years.

What Makes ‘Ape’ape Special

As a member of the forb family, ‘ape’ape is a vascular plant that lacks significant woody tissue above ground. Think of it as an herbaceous perennial that maintains its presence year after year through underground structures, sprouting fresh growth when conditions are right. This growth habit makes it quite different from Hawaii’s more familiar woody native plants.

The Wetland Connection

Here’s where ‘ape’ape gets really interesting – it’s classified as a Facultative Wetland plant in Hawaii. This means it usually thrives in wetland conditions but can occasionally tolerate drier spots. If you’re dreaming of creating a native Hawaiian rain garden or wetland restoration project, this plant could be your perfect partner.

Garden Design Potential

For gardeners interested in authentic Hawaiian landscaping, ‘ape’ape offers:

  • Authentic native plant credentials for indigenous gardens
  • Wetland restoration potential
  • Educational value for native plant enthusiasts
  • Support for Hawaii’s rare flora conservation

Growing Conditions and Care

Based on its natural habitat and wetland status, ‘ape’ape likely prefers:

  • Consistently moist to wet soil conditions
  • Tropical to subtropical climates (USDA zones 10-12)
  • Partial shade to filtered sunlight
  • Rich, organic soil similar to forest floor conditions

The Responsible Gardening Approach

Important note: Due to its rare status, if you’re considering adding ‘ape’ape to your garden, it’s crucial to source it responsibly. This means:

  • Only purchasing from reputable native plant nurseries
  • Never collecting from wild populations
  • Supporting nurseries that propagate from ethically sourced seeds or cuttings
  • Contributing to conservation efforts rather than depleting wild stocks

Is ‘Ape’ape Right for Your Garden?

Consider ‘ape’ape if you:

  • Live in tropical Hawaii or similar climates
  • Have consistently moist garden areas
  • Are passionate about native Hawaiian plants
  • Want to support rare species conservation
  • Are creating wetland or rain garden features

However, this might not be the plant for you if you’re looking for showy flowers, drought tolerance, or low-maintenance options, as wetland plants typically require consistent moisture and attention.

Conservation Through Cultivation

By choosing to grow ‘ape’ape responsibly, you’re not just adding a unique native plant to your garden – you’re participating in the preservation of Hawaii’s irreplaceable botanical heritage. Every ethically grown ‘ape’ape represents hope for this rare species’ future and demonstrates how home gardeners can contribute to conservation efforts.

Remember, the best way to appreciate Hawaii’s rare native plants is to grow them thoughtfully, source them responsibly, and share knowledge about their importance with fellow garden enthusiasts. ‘Ape’ape may be small and unassuming, but it carries the genetic legacy of thousands of years of Hawaiian evolution – now that’s something worth growing!

‘ape’ape

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Haloragales

Family

Gunneraceae Meisn. - Gunnera family

Genus

Gunnera L. - gunnera

Species

Gunnera kauaiensis Rock - 'ape'ape

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA