North America Native Plant

Anderson’s Brachymenium Moss

Botanical name: Brachymenium andersonii

USDA symbol: BRAN6

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Anderson’s Brachymenium Moss: A Mysterious Native Species on the Brink In the fascinating world of native mosses, few species capture the imagination quite like Anderson’s brachymenium moss (Brachymenium andersonii). This intriguing North American native represents one of nature’s most elusive botanical mysteries—a species that may have slipped quietly into extinction ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: SH: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Possibly Extinct: Known only from historical occurrences. Still some hope of rediscovery ⚘

Anderson’s Brachymenium Moss: A Mysterious Native Species on the Brink

In the fascinating world of native mosses, few species capture the imagination quite like Anderson’s brachymenium moss (Brachymenium andersonii). This intriguing North American native represents one of nature’s most elusive botanical mysteries—a species that may have slipped quietly into extinction before we truly got to know it.

What is Anderson’s Brachymenium Moss?

Anderson’s brachymenium moss belongs to the diverse group of bryophytes—those ancient, non-flowering plants that include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Like other mosses, this species is entirely herbaceous and has a unique lifestyle quite different from the flowering plants we’re more familiar with in our gardens.

As a terrestrial moss, Brachymenium andersonii would have grown directly on solid surfaces rather than rooting in soil like typical garden plants. These hardy little organisms often attach themselves to rocks, tree bark, fallen logs, or other stable surfaces, creating those soft, green carpets that many of us associate with pristine forest environments.

A North American Native with a Concerning Status

This moss species is native to North America, though the specific regions where it once thrived remain somewhat of a mystery. Unfortunately, what we do know about its current status is troubling: Anderson’s brachymenium moss has been assigned a Global Conservation Status of SH, meaning it’s Possibly Extirpated.

In plain terms, this means the species is known only from historical records and hasn’t been reliably observed in recent decades. While scientists hold out some hope for rediscovery, it’s possible this unique moss has already vanished from our ecosystems entirely.

Why This Matters for Your Garden and Local Ecosystem

You might wonder why a possibly extinct moss should matter to home gardeners. Here’s the thing: mosses play crucial ecological roles that often go unnoticed. They:

  • Help prevent soil erosion on slopes and exposed surfaces
  • Retain moisture in the ecosystem
  • Provide microhabitats for tiny insects and other small creatures
  • Contribute to the overall biodiversity that keeps natural systems healthy

When we lose species like Anderson’s brachymenium moss, we lose these ecological services along with them.

What You Can Do

While you obviously can’t plant Anderson’s brachymenium moss in your garden (since it may no longer exist), you can support moss conservation in general by:

  • Creating moss-friendly spaces in your landscape by leaving some shaded, undisturbed areas
  • Avoiding unnecessary use of pesticides and chemicals that can harm these sensitive organisms
  • Supporting local botanical surveys and conservation efforts
  • Learning to appreciate and identify the mosses that do grow naturally in your area

The Bigger Picture

The story of Anderson’s brachymenium moss serves as a reminder of how much we still don’t know about our native plant communities—and how quickly we can lose species before fully understanding their role in nature. While this particular moss may be gone, its story encourages us to pay attention to the small, often overlooked plants that contribute to healthy ecosystems.

Next time you’re in your garden or exploring natural areas, take a moment to notice the mosses growing on rocks, trees, and other surfaces. Each species represents millions of years of evolution and plays its own unique role in the web of life. By appreciating these humble plants, we honor not just what we have, but also what we may have lost.

Anderson’s Brachymenium Moss

Classification

Group

Moss

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Bryophyta - Mosses

Subdivision

Musci

Class

Bryopsida - True mosses

Subclass

Bryidae

Order

Bryales

Family

Bryaceae Rchb.

Genus

Brachymenium Schwägr. - brachymenium moss

Species

Brachymenium andersonii H.A. Crum - Anderson's brachymenium moss

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA