North America Native Plant

American White Waterlily

Botanical name: Nymphaea odorata odorata

USDA symbol: NYODO

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Alaska âš˜ Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states âš˜ Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Castalia lekophylla Small (CALE34)  âš˜  Castalia minor (Sims) Nyar (CAMI34)  âš˜  Castalia odorata (Aiton) Alph. Wood (CAOD4)  âš˜  Castalia reniformis (Walter) Nash, nom. utique rej. (CARE15)  âš˜  Nymphaea minor (Sims) DC. (NYMI)  âš˜  Nymphaea odorata Aiton var. gigantea Tricker (NYODG)  âš˜  Nymphaea odorata Aiton var. godfreyi Ward (NYODG2)  âš˜  Nymphaea odorata Aiton var. minor Sims (NYODM2)  âš˜  Nymphaea odorata Aiton var. rosea Pursh (NYODR)  âš˜  Nymphaea odorata Aiton var. stenopetala Fernald (NYODS)  âš˜  Nymphaea odorata Aiton var. villosa Caspary (NYODV)  âš˜  Nymphaea reniformis Walter, nom. utique rej. (NYRE)   

American White Waterlily: A Fragrant Native Beauty for Your Water Garden If you’ve ever dreamed of creating a serene water garden that captures the essence of a pristine wilderness pond, the American white waterlily (Nymphaea odorata odorata) might just be your perfect aquatic companion. This stunning native perennial brings both ...

American White Waterlily: A Fragrant Native Beauty for Your Water Garden

If you’ve ever dreamed of creating a serene water garden that captures the essence of a pristine wilderness pond, the American white waterlily (Nymphaea odorata odorata) might just be your perfect aquatic companion. This stunning native perennial brings both visual elegance and delightful fragrance to any water feature, making it a beloved choice for gardeners looking to create their own slice of aquatic paradise.

What Makes This Waterlily Special?

The American white waterlily is a true showstopper, producing gorgeous white flowers that can stretch 3 to 5 inches across. These blooms feature bright yellow centers and emit a sweet, pleasant fragrance that’s most noticeable in the morning hours. The flowers have a charming daily rhythm – they open with the morning sun and gracefully close in the afternoon, creating an ever-changing display throughout the day.

The plant’s round, waxy leaves float elegantly on the water’s surface, providing both aesthetic appeal and practical benefits. These lily pads can grow quite large, creating natural landing platforms for frogs and shelter for fish below.

Where Does It Call Home?

This beautiful waterlily is a true North American native, naturally occurring throughout eastern and central regions of the continent. You’ll find it growing wild from southeastern Canada all the way south to Florida and west across the Great Plains. It thrives in an impressive range of states and provinces, from Alabama to Alaska, and from British Columbia to Puerto Rico.

Why Choose American White Waterlily for Your Garden?

There are several compelling reasons to consider this native beauty for your water feature:

  • Low maintenance: Once established, it requires minimal care
  • Native plant benefits: Supports local ecosystems and wildlife
  • Pollinator friendly: Attracts beneficial insects like beetles, flies, and bees
  • Natural water filtration: Helps maintain water quality in ponds
  • Long blooming season: Flowers from late spring through early fall
  • Cold hardy: Thrives in USDA zones 3-11

Perfect Garden Settings

The American white waterlily shines brightest in:

  • Natural or formal water gardens
  • Backyard ponds and water features
  • Bog gardens with deeper water areas
  • Naturalized wetland restorations
  • Large container water gardens

Growing Conditions and Care

This adaptable aquatic perennial is surprisingly easy to grow when you understand its basic needs:

Sunlight: Provide full sun for the best flowering performance. While it can tolerate some shade, you’ll get fewer blooms in shadier spots.

Water depth: Plant in water that’s 1 to 6 feet deep. The rhizomes should be anchored in soil at the bottom, with leaves and flowers floating at the surface.

Water type: Prefers still or very slow-moving freshwater. Avoid areas with strong currents or constantly moving water.

Soil: Heavy, nutrient-rich soil works best. Clay-based pond soil or garden soil mixed with compost is ideal.

Planting and Establishment Tips

Getting started with American white waterlily is straightforward:

  • Plant the rhizome in a wide, shallow container filled with heavy soil
  • Cover the soil surface with gravel to prevent floating debris
  • Submerge the container gradually, starting in shallower water and moving deeper as the plant establishes
  • Space multiple plants at least 4-6 feet apart to prevent overcrowding
  • Be patient – it may take a full season to become well-established

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

Beyond its ornamental value, this native waterlily serves as an important ecological player. The flowers attract various pollinators, particularly beetles and flies, which are the plant’s primary pollinators. The broad leaves provide resting spots for dragonflies, frogs, and other aquatic creatures, while the underwater portions offer shelter for fish and aquatic invertebrates.

A Few Things to Keep in Mind

While generally well-behaved, American white waterlily can spread over time through underground rhizomes. In ideal conditions, it may need occasional thinning to prevent it from taking over smaller water features. However, this spreading tendency makes it excellent for naturalizing larger ponds or wetland areas.

The plant dies back completely in winter in colder climates, with the rhizomes remaining dormant underwater until spring returns. This natural cycle means no winter protection is needed in most areas.

Creating Your Aquatic Garden

Whether you’re planning a small backyard water feature or restoring a natural wetland area, the American white waterlily offers a perfect combination of beauty, fragrance, and ecological value. Its native status means you’re supporting local wildlife while creating a stunning focal point that will bring years of enjoyment to your outdoor space.

Ready to dive into water gardening? This fragrant native beauty might just be the perfect plant to make a splash in your landscape design.

American White Waterlily

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Nymphaeales

Family

Nymphaeaceae Salisb. - Water-lily family

Genus

Nymphaea L. - waterlily

Species

Nymphaea odorata Aiton - American white waterlily

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA