North America Native Plant

American Lichinella Lichen

Botanical name: Lichinella americana

USDA symbol: LIAM6

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

American Lichinella Lichen: A Tiny Rock Garden Guest You Can’t Plant If you’ve ever noticed small, crusty patches on rocks in your garden or local natural areas, you might have encountered the fascinating world of lichens. The American lichinella lichen (Lichinella americana) is one of these remarkable organisms that calls ...

American Lichinella Lichen: A Tiny Rock Garden Guest You Can’t Plant

If you’ve ever noticed small, crusty patches on rocks in your garden or local natural areas, you might have encountered the fascinating world of lichens. The American lichinella lichen (Lichinella americana) is one of these remarkable organisms that calls North America home, though it’s not exactly the kind of plant you can add to your shopping list at the local nursery.

What Exactly Is American Lichinella Lichen?

Here’s where things get interesting: Lichinella americana isn’t actually a plant at all! It’s a lichen, which is a unique partnership between a fungus and algae (or sometimes cyanobacteria) living together in perfect harmony. Think of it as nature’s ultimate roommate situation – the fungus provides structure and protection, while the algae handle the food production through photosynthesis.

This native North American species forms small, crusty patches that might look unremarkable at first glance, but they’re actually doing some pretty amazing things right on your rocks.

Spotting American Lichinella Lichen in the Wild

American lichinella lichen has a few telltale characteristics that can help you identify it:

  • Forms crusty, patch-like growth on rock surfaces
  • Typically grayish in color with a somewhat rough texture
  • Prefers alkaline rocks, especially limestone
  • Appears as small, scattered patches rather than large colonies
  • Most commonly found in areas with clean air

Is It Beneficial to Have in Your Garden?

While you can’t plant American lichinella lichen, having it show up naturally in your garden is actually a great sign! Here’s why you should be happy to see it:

  • Air quality indicator: Lichens are sensitive to air pollution, so their presence suggests you have clean air in your area
  • Ecosystem support: They provide habitat and food for tiny insects and other small creatures
  • Natural beauty: Though subtle, lichens add interesting texture and natural character to rock surfaces
  • Soil building: Over very long periods, lichens help break down rock surfaces, contributing to soil formation

Why You Can’t Cultivate This Little Wonder

If you’re thinking about adding American lichinella lichen to your garden wish list, you’ll need to adjust your expectations. Unlike traditional garden plants, lichens:

  • Cannot be transplanted or cultivated using normal gardening methods
  • Require very specific environmental conditions that are nearly impossible to replicate
  • Take extremely long periods to establish and grow
  • Need the perfect balance of moisture, air quality, and substrate chemistry

Creating Lichen-Friendly Conditions

While you can’t plant lichens directly, you can make your garden more welcoming to these fascinating organisms:

  • Maintain clean air by avoiding excessive pesticide use
  • Include natural stone features like rock gardens or stone walls
  • Use limestone or other alkaline rocks if you want to attract species like Lichinella americana
  • Be patient – lichens grow very slowly and may take years to establish
  • Avoid disturbing existing lichen populations on rocks

The Bottom Line

American lichinella lichen is one of those garden guests that chooses you rather than the other way around. While you can’t add it to your planting plan, discovering it naturally occurring in your garden is like finding a small treasure. It’s a sign of healthy air quality and adds to the complex web of life that makes gardens truly special.

So next time you’re examining the rocks in your garden or local natural areas, take a moment to appreciate these tiny but remarkable organisms. They’ve been quietly doing their thing for millions of years, and they’re still going strong – no watering required!

American Lichinella Lichen

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Lichinales

Family

Lichinaceae Nyl.

Genus

Lichinella Nyl. - lichinella lichen

Species

Lichinella americana Henssen - American lichinella lichen

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA