North America Native Plant

Alpine Buttercup

Botanical name: Ranunculus adoneus var. alpinus

USDA symbol: RAADA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Ranunculus eschscholtzii Schltdl. var. alpinus (S. Watson) C.L. Hitchc. (RAESA2)  âš˜  Ranunculus orthorhynchus Hook. var. alpinus S. Watson (RAORA2)   

Alpine Buttercup: A Jewel of High Mountain Gardens If you’ve ever hiked through the high country of the Rocky Mountains and spotted cheerful yellow flowers dotting alpine meadows, you may have encountered the alpine buttercup (Ranunculus adoneus var. alpinus). This hardy little native wildflower brings a splash of sunshine to ...

Alpine Buttercup: A Jewel of High Mountain Gardens

If you’ve ever hiked through the high country of the Rocky Mountains and spotted cheerful yellow flowers dotting alpine meadows, you may have encountered the alpine buttercup (Ranunculus adoneus var. alpinus). This hardy little native wildflower brings a splash of sunshine to some of North America’s most challenging growing environments.

What Makes Alpine Buttercup Special

Alpine buttercup is a perennial forb – that’s botanist-speak for a non-woody flowering plant that comes back year after year. Like other members of the buttercup family, it produces glossy, bright yellow flowers with five to eight petals that seem to glow in the mountain sunlight. Don’t let its delicate appearance fool you though – this little powerhouse is built to handle extreme conditions that would make most garden plants throw in the trowel.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

This native beauty calls the western United States home, specifically the high-elevation regions of Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming. We’re talking about true alpine and subalpine zones here – places where the growing season is short, winters are brutal, and only the toughest plants survive.

Should You Grow Alpine Buttercup in Your Garden?

Here’s where things get interesting (and a bit challenging). While alpine buttercup is absolutely stunning and provides valuable benefits to high-altitude pollinators like specialized flies, small bees, and beetles, it’s not exactly what you’d call an easy-going garden plant.

This mountain native has very specific needs:

  • Cool summers (we’re talking consistently cool, not just not too hot)
  • Excellent drainage – soggy soil is a death sentence
  • Full sun exposure
  • Cold winter temperatures for proper dormancy
  • Low humidity conditions

Best Garden Settings

If you’re determined to give alpine buttercup a try, your best bet is in specialized garden settings like:

  • Rock gardens with exceptional drainage
  • Alpine or high-elevation gardens
  • Native plant collections in appropriate climates
  • Xeriscaping projects in mountainous regions

Growing Conditions and Care

Alpine buttercup thrives in USDA hardiness zones 3-6, but even within these zones, success isn’t guaranteed unless you can replicate its preferred mountain conditions. Think sharp drainage, cool temperatures, and plenty of sun. In cultivation, it often struggles with the heat and humidity found at lower elevations, even within its hardiness range.

If you’re lucky enough to garden in or near its native range, you might have success growing it as a charming ground cover that blooms in late spring to early summer. Just remember – this isn’t a plant for beginners or for gardens outside the mountain west.

The Reality Check

While we love celebrating native plants, it’s important to be realistic about alpine buttercup. Unless you live in the high country where it naturally occurs, or you have very specialized alpine gardening experience, this beauty is probably best admired in its wild habitat. Its specific requirements make it challenging to grow successfully in typical garden settings.

If you’re drawn to the bright yellow flowers and native appeal but live outside its range, consider easier-to-grow native alternatives like lanceleaf coreopsis or native sunflowers that can provide similar sunny blooms with much less fuss.

The Bottom Line

Alpine buttercup is a remarkable native plant that plays an important role in high-elevation ecosystems. It’s a testament to nature’s ability to create beauty in the harshest conditions. But for most gardeners, it’s better appreciated as a hiking discovery than a garden addition. If you do decide to attempt growing it, make sure you can provide the cool, well-drained, high-altitude conditions it demands – and maybe have a backup plan ready!

Alpine Buttercup

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Ranunculales

Family

Ranunculaceae Juss. - Buttercup family

Genus

Ranunculus L. - buttercup

Species

Ranunculus adoneus A. Gray - alpine buttercup

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA