North America Native Plant

Alaska Grass Of Parnassus

Botanical name: Parnassia palustris var. palustris

USDA symbol: PAPAP

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Alaska  

Alaska Grass of Parnassus: A Delicate Arctic Beauty for Cold-Climate Gardens If you’re gardening in Alaska or other extremely cold regions and looking for a truly native plant that embodies the delicate beauty of the Arctic landscape, Alaska grass of Parnassus (Parnassia palustris var. palustris) might just be the perfect ...

Alaska Grass of Parnassus: A Delicate Arctic Beauty for Cold-Climate Gardens

If you’re gardening in Alaska or other extremely cold regions and looking for a truly native plant that embodies the delicate beauty of the Arctic landscape, Alaska grass of Parnassus (Parnassia palustris var. palustris) might just be the perfect addition to your garden. This charming perennial forb brings a touch of wilderness elegance to specialized garden settings.

What is Alaska Grass of Parnassus?

Despite its common name, Alaska grass of Parnassus isn’t actually a grass at all! It’s a small perennial forb – essentially a herbaceous flowering plant that lacks woody stems. This delicate beauty is native exclusively to Alaska, making it a true regional treasure for gardeners in the Last Frontier.

As a perennial, this plant returns year after year, developing a clumping growth habit with distinctive heart-shaped basal leaves and pristine white flowers that seem almost too perfect for the harsh Arctic environment.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

Alaska grass of Parnassus is found throughout Alaska, where it thrives in the state’s unique Arctic and subarctic conditions. This native status makes it incredibly well-adapted to Alaska’s challenging climate and an excellent choice for gardeners wanting to work with their local ecosystem rather than against it.

Why Grow Alaska Grass of Parnassus?

There are several compelling reasons to consider this native beauty:

  • True Alaska Native: Supporting local ecosystems by growing plants that belong there
  • Unique Beauty: Delicate white flowers with intricate veining create stunning visual interest
  • Pollinator Support: Attracts native flies and other small insects that depend on native plants
  • Cold Hardy Champion: Thrives in USDA zones 1-4, perfect for extreme cold climates
  • Low Maintenance: Once established in proper conditions, requires minimal intervention

Garden Design and Landscape Use

Alaska grass of Parnassus isn’t your typical garden center find, and that’s part of its charm! This specialized beauty works best in:

  • Bog Gardens: Its natural preference for consistently moist conditions makes it ideal for bog garden settings
  • Alpine Gardens: Perfect for recreating high-altitude Arctic environments
  • Native Plant Gardens: An authentic addition to Alaska native plant collections
  • Rock Gardens: Provides delicate contrast to harder landscape elements
  • Naturalistic Wetland Areas: Helps create authentic Alaskan wetland habitats

Growing Conditions and Care

Successfully growing Alaska grass of Parnassus requires understanding its natural preferences:

Soil and Moisture

  • Consistently moist to wet soil conditions
  • Well-draining but never allowing to dry out completely
  • Prefers slightly acidic to neutral soil pH

Light Requirements

  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Tolerates the long daylight hours of Alaskan summers

Temperature and Hardiness

  • Extremely cold hardy (USDA zones 1-4)
  • Requires winter chill hours to thrive
  • Not suitable for warm climate gardens

Planting and Establishment Tips

Growing Alaska grass of Parnassus can be challenging but rewarding:

  • Source Responsibly: Obtain plants or seeds from reputable native plant suppliers
  • Timing: Plant in spring after frost danger passes
  • Location: Choose the moistest, coolest spot in your garden
  • Patience Required: This plant can be slow to establish and may take time to show its full potential
  • Minimal Fertilization: Avoid heavy fertilizers; this plant prefers lean, natural conditions

Wildlife and Ecological Benefits

As a native Alaskan plant, Alaska grass of Parnassus provides important ecological services. It attracts various small insects including flies that serve as pollinators, contributing to the broader ecosystem health of your garden space.

Is This Plant Right for Your Garden?

Alaska grass of Parnassus is definitely not for every garden or every gardener. Consider this plant if you:

  • Garden in Alaska or other extremely cold regions (zones 1-4)
  • Have consistently moist to wet garden areas
  • Enjoy specialty or unusual plants
  • Want to support native Alaska ecosystems
  • Have experience with challenging or specialty plants

However, you might want to skip this one if you:

  • Live in warmer climates (zone 5 and above)
  • Prefer low-maintenance, foolproof plants
  • Don’t have consistently moist growing conditions
  • Want quick results and fast-growing plants

The Bottom Line

Alaska grass of Parnassus is a true specialist plant for specialist gardeners. If you’re gardening in Alaska and have the right conditions – particularly consistent moisture and extreme cold hardiness – this native beauty can add an authentic touch of Arctic elegance to your landscape. While it may not be the easiest plant to grow, the reward of successfully cultivating this regional native makes the effort worthwhile for dedicated cold-climate gardeners.

Remember, choosing native plants like Alaska grass of Parnassus isn’t just about garden beauty – it’s about supporting the unique ecosystems that make Alaska’s natural heritage so special.

Alaska Grass Of Parnassus

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rosales

Family

Saxifragaceae Juss. - Saxifrage family

Genus

Parnassia L. - grass of Parnassus

Species

Parnassia palustris L. - marsh grass of Parnassus

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA