North America Native Plant

Alabama Milkvine

Botanical name: Matelea alabamensis

USDA symbol: MAAL6

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: vine

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Cyclodon alabamense (Vail) Small (CYAL8)   

Alabama Milkvine: A Rare Southern Treasure Worth Protecting If you’re a native plant enthusiast with a soft spot for rare botanical gems, you might have stumbled across Alabama milkvine in your research. This little-known perennial vine has a story that’s equal parts fascinating and concerning – and before you start ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Alabama

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Region: Alabama

Alabama Milkvine: A Rare Southern Treasure Worth Protecting

If you’re a native plant enthusiast with a soft spot for rare botanical gems, you might have stumbled across Alabama milkvine in your research. This little-known perennial vine has a story that’s equal parts fascinating and concerning – and before you start planning where to plant it, there are some important things you need to know.

What Exactly Is Alabama Milkvine?

Alabama milkvine (Matelea alabamensis) is a native perennial vine that belongs to the milkweed family. Don’t let the milkvine name fool you into thinking it’s a vigorous grower – this delicate beauty is actually one of the Southeast’s most imperiled plants. As a forb herb, it lacks the woody stems you’d find on shrubs or trees, instead producing soft, heart-shaped leaves and small, star-shaped flowers that range from greenish-white to cream.

Where Does It Call Home?

This southeastern native has one of the most restricted ranges you’ll find among U.S. wildflowers. Alabama milkvine grows naturally in just three states: Alabama, Florida, and Georgia. Even within this limited range, it’s incredibly scarce, making every population precious.

The Reality Check: This Plant Is Seriously Rare

Here’s where things get serious. Alabama milkvine carries a Global Conservation Status of S2, which means it’s considered Imperiled. In plain English? This plant is in trouble. Scientists estimate there are typically only 6 to 20 occurrences worldwide, with somewhere between 1,000 to 3,000 individual plants remaining. In Alabama specifically, it’s ranked as S1 – the most critical conservation status possible.

What does this mean for you as a gardener? If you’re considering adding Alabama milkvine to your landscape, you absolutely must ensure any plants come from responsibly sourced, legally propagated material. Never collect from the wild, and be extremely cautious about where you purchase plants.

Should You Grow Alabama Milkvine?

The short answer is: maybe, but proceed with extreme caution. Here are the key considerations:

  • Conservation value: Growing this plant from ethical sources can contribute to its preservation
  • Specialized needs: As a rare species, it likely has very specific growing requirements
  • Limited availability: Finding legitimate sources will be challenging
  • Responsibility factor: You’ll be stewarding a piece of our natural heritage

Growing Conditions and Care

Because of its rarity, detailed cultivation information for Alabama milkvine is limited. However, based on its native habitat and plant family, here’s what we can reasonably expect:

  • Climate: Likely hardy in USDA zones 8-9, matching its southeastern native range
  • Light: Probably prefers partial shade to full shade, typical of woodland understory plants
  • Soil: Well-draining soil, possibly with specific pH or nutrient requirements
  • Water: Moderate moisture levels, avoiding both drought stress and waterlogged conditions
  • Garden role: Best suited for naturalistic woodland gardens or native plant collections

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

While specific wildlife interactions aren’t well-documented due to the plant’s rarity, members of the milkweed family typically support specialized pollinators. The small flowers likely attract native bees, flies, and other small insects that can navigate their intricate structure.

The Bottom Line

Alabama milkvine represents both an opportunity and a responsibility. If you’re an experienced native plant gardener with access to ethically sourced plants, growing this species could contribute to conservation efforts. However, for most gardeners, supporting this plant’s conservation might be better accomplished by donating to botanical conservation organizations or participating in habitat restoration projects.

If you’re drawn to rare southeastern natives but want something more readily available, consider exploring other regional milkweed species or native vines that can provide similar ecological benefits without the conservation concerns.

Remember: every rare plant deserves our respect and protection. Whether you choose to grow Alabama milkvine or simply appreciate it from afar, you’re helping ensure that future generations will have the chance to marvel at these botanical treasures too.

Alabama Milkvine

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Gentianales

Family

Asclepiadaceae Borkh. - Milkweed family

Genus

Matelea Aubl. - milkvine

Species

Matelea alabamensis (Vail) Woodson - Alabama milkvine

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA