North America Native Plant

Aguacatillo

Botanical name: Meliosma herbertii

USDA symbol: MEHE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico âš˜ Native to the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Aguacatillo: A Native Caribbean Tree Worth Growing If you’re looking to add authentic Caribbean character to your tropical landscape, meet the aguacatillo (Meliosma herbertii) – a lesser-known native gem that deserves a spot in more gardens across Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. While this perennial tree might not ...

Aguacatillo: A Native Caribbean Tree Worth Growing

If you’re looking to add authentic Caribbean character to your tropical landscape, meet the aguacatillo (Meliosma herbertii) – a lesser-known native gem that deserves a spot in more gardens across Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. While this perennial tree might not be the flashiest option at your local nursery, it brings something special to the table: true native heritage and the kind of understated elegance that only comes from plants perfectly adapted to their home environment.

Where Does Aguacatillo Call Home?

Aguacatillo is proudly native to the Caribbean region, specifically Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. This tree has been quietly thriving in these tropical islands long before any of us started thinking about landscaping, making it a fantastic choice for gardeners who want to support local ecosystems and plant communities that belong.

What to Expect from Your Aguacatillo

Don’t expect a shrub when you plant aguacatillo – this is a proper tree that means business. As a woody perennial, it typically grows with a single trunk and reaches heights of 13 to 16 feet or more, though under certain conditions it might develop a more multi-stemmed, shorter growth pattern. Think of it as nature’s way of adapting to whatever space and conditions it’s given.

One particularly interesting trait of aguacatillo is its facultative wetland status in the Caribbean region. This means it’s basically the Switzerland of trees – perfectly happy to grow in both wetland and non-wetland conditions. Talk about flexibility!

Why Choose Aguacatillo for Your Landscape?

Here’s where aguacatillo really shines as a landscape choice:

  • Native authenticity: You’re planting a piece of Caribbean natural history
  • Adaptability: Happy in various moisture conditions from wet to dry
  • Mature size: Perfect for creating natural canopy and shade
  • Low maintenance: Native plants typically require less fussing once established

Where Aguacatillo Works Best

This tree is ideal for:

  • Natural landscape designs that celebrate Caribbean flora
  • Larger properties where you have room for a substantial tree
  • Mixed native plantings and restoration projects
  • Areas where you want reliable shade without high maintenance

Growing Conditions and Care

As a Caribbean native, aguacatillo thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-11, so it’s really only suitable for tropical and subtropical climates. The good news? If you live in Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands, your climate is exactly what this tree evolved to love.

While specific growing requirements for aguacatillo aren’t extensively documented (which honestly makes it even more intriguing), you can follow general guidelines for Caribbean native trees:

  • Plant in well-draining soil
  • Provide regular water during establishment
  • Choose a location with adequate space for mature size
  • Protect young trees from strong winds

The Reality Check

Let’s be honest – aguacatillo isn’t going to be the easiest tree to find at your local garden center. As with many native species, it’s somewhat overlooked in favor of more common landscape trees. However, this also means you’ll be growing something special and contributing to the preservation of local plant diversity.

If you’re committed to native Caribbean gardening and have the space for a mature tree, aguacatillo offers the satisfaction of growing something authentically local. Just be prepared to do a bit of hunting to find a source, and don’t expect detailed growing guides – you’ll be part of the pioneering group of gardeners helping to preserve this native species in cultivation.

The Bottom Line

Aguacatillo may not be the showiest tree in the Caribbean, but it offers something increasingly rare: genuine native character and the quiet satisfaction of growing plants that truly belong in your landscape. If you have the space and the patience to seek it out, this adaptable native tree could be exactly what your tropical garden needs to feel more connected to its natural surroundings.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Aguacatillo

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Ranunculales

Family

Sabiaceae Blume - Sabia family

Genus

Meliosma Blume - meliosma

Species

Meliosma herbertii Rolfe - aguacatillo

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA