North America Native Plant

African Dry Rock Moss

Botanical name: Grimmia pulvinata var. africana

USDA symbol: GRPUA

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

African Dry Rock Moss: A Hardy Bryophyte for Rock Gardens Meet Grimmia pulvinata var. africana, commonly known as African dry rock moss – a fascinating little bryophyte that might just be the unsung hero your rock garden needs. While most gardeners focus on showy flowering plants, this humble moss offers ...

African Dry Rock Moss: A Hardy Bryophyte for Rock Gardens

Meet Grimmia pulvinata var. africana, commonly known as African dry rock moss – a fascinating little bryophyte that might just be the unsung hero your rock garden needs. While most gardeners focus on showy flowering plants, this humble moss offers unique benefits that deserve a closer look.

What Exactly Is African Dry Rock Moss?

African dry rock moss is a bryophyte, which puts it in the same family as other mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Unlike your typical garden plants, bryophytes are ancient, non-flowering plants that have been around for millions of years. This particular variety is native to North America and belongs to the Grimmia genus, known for forming dense, cushion-like growths.

As its name suggests, this moss has a particular affinity for dry, rocky surfaces. It’s herbaceous and typically attaches itself to solid objects like rocks, stone walls, or even dead wood rather than growing directly in soil.

Where Does It Grow?

While we know African dry rock moss is native to North America, specific geographical distribution information for this particular variety is limited in current botanical literature. However, Grimmia species are generally found across various regions where suitable rocky habitats exist.

Is It Beneficial for Your Garden?

You might wonder why anyone would want moss in their garden, but African dry rock moss can actually be quite beneficial:

  • Prevents soil erosion on slopes and around rock features
  • Adds natural texture and year-round green color to rock gardens
  • Requires virtually no maintenance once established
  • Helps retain moisture in rocky areas
  • Creates habitat for tiny beneficial organisms
  • Adds an authentic, natural look to stone landscapes

How to Identify African Dry Rock Moss

Identifying this moss can be tricky without a magnifying glass and some botanical knowledge, but here are some general characteristics to look for:

  • Forms dense, cushion-like mats or patches
  • Grows directly on rock surfaces or stone structures
  • Appears grayish-green to dark green
  • Very low-growing, typically just a few millimeters tall
  • Looks almost fuzzy or velvety from a distance
  • Tends to thrive in areas that experience periodic drying

Should You Encourage It in Your Garden?

If you’re a fan of low-maintenance, natural-looking landscapes, African dry rock moss could be a welcome addition. It’s particularly suited for:

  • Rock gardens and xeriscapes
  • Stone retaining walls
  • Natural-style landscapes
  • Areas where traditional plants struggle to grow

Since this moss is native to North America, encouraging its growth supports local ecosystems. However, keep in mind that bryophytes like this one can’t be planted in the traditional sense – they typically establish themselves naturally when conditions are right.

The Bottom Line

African dry rock moss may not be the flashiest addition to your garden, but it’s a hardy, native species that can add character and ecological value to rocky areas. If you spot it growing naturally on your stone features, consider yourself lucky to have this resilient little plant calling your garden home. Sometimes the smallest plants make the biggest difference in creating a truly natural, sustainable landscape.

African Dry Rock Moss

Classification

Group

Moss

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Bryophyta - Mosses

Subdivision

Musci

Class

Bryopsida - True mosses

Subclass

Bryidae

Order

Grimmiales

Family

Grimmiaceae Arn.

Genus

Grimmia Hedw. - grimmia dry rock moss

Species

Grimmia pulvinata (Hedw.) Sm. - pulvinate dry rock moss

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA